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Development Cell：PcG介導的細胞分裂機制
來源 ebiotrade

    歐洲分子生物學實驗所位于德國漢堡的表觀基因研究項目組和發育生物學項目組的科學家以果蠅為研究模型，揭示復雜的PolycombGroup ProteinComplexes對細胞形成和細胞分裂模式的動力控制機制。相關文章發表在11月6日Cell子刊DevelopmentCell在線版上。
Polycomb Group（PcG）蛋白形成保守的調控復合物，對染色質的表達轉錄具有修飾作用。研究小組從整個基因組范圍以及相關的結合蛋白PhoRC研究果蠅的PcG蛋白復合物，包括其中的DNA結合因子Pho/dYY1和dSfmbt。在果蠅胚胎與幼蟲發育階段，PhoRC構成短調節基因表達的Polycomb效應元素（shortPolycomb response elements,PREs）。
   PREs與PcG復合物PRC1和PRC2共同出現。對PcG突變體研究發現，PcG系統表達基因在幼蟲發育的前端、背腹以及遠端模式都是必須的，同時可抑制細胞分裂調節基因的活性。大量的基因群以動態的調節模式工作，研究小組的研究結果表明，PcG系統限制部分細胞的信號介導的靶基因活性。對細胞分裂調節研究發現，PcG系統在某些基因表達的模式上是以動態的形式進行的，這為研究腫瘤的PcG突變表型具有重要的意義。（創賽新聞中心canspecsci.com）

    創賽推薦原始出處：
DevelopmentalCell, 06 November 2008 doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2008.10.005
Dynamic Regulation by Polycomb Group Protein Complexes ControlsPattern Formation and the Cell Cycle in Drosophila
Katarzyna Oktaba1, 3, Luis Gutiérrez1, 3, Julien Gagneur2, CharlesGirardot2, Aditya K. Sengupta1, Eileen E.M. Furlong2 and JürgMüller1, ,
1 EMBL, Gene Expression Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117Heidelberg, Germany
2 EMBL, Developmental Biology Programme, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117Heidelberg, Germany
3 These authors contributed equally to this work
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form conserved regulatory complexesthat modify chromatin to repress transcription. Here, we reportgenome-wide binding profiles of PhoRC, the Drosophila PcG proteincomplex containing the DNA-binding factor Pho/dYY1 and dSfmbt.PhoRC constitutively occupies short Polycomb response elements(PREs) of a large set of developmental regulator genes in bothembryos and larvae. The majority of these PREs are co-occupied bythe PcG complexes PRC1 and PRC2. Analysis of PcG mutants shows thatthe PcG system represses genes required for anteroposterior,dorsoventral, and proximodistal patterning of imaginal discs andthat it also represses cell cycle regulator genes. Many of thesegenes are regulated in a dynamic manner, and our results suggestthat the PcG system restricts signaling-mediated activation oftarget genes to appropriate cells. Analysis of cell cycleregulators indicates that the PcG system also dynamically modulatesthe expression levels of certain genes, providing a possibleexplanation for the tumor phenotype of PcG mutants.
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